
Data Model in Salesforce
Data Model in Salesforce can represent a collection of objects and fields in an app and how they are related to one another. That means, it can be created using Standard Objects, custom objects and relationships.
Creating a Data Model in Salesforce
- Is a way to represent data in a database consisting of tables with columns and rows.
- Objects represent the tables, fields represent the columns, and records represent rows in Salesforce.
- Standard Objects can be: Account, Contact, Case and Opportunity (Sales Objects Diagram)
- Custom Objects are used to store specific information about the company’s requirement.
- We can set up different relationship types such as lookup and master-detail.
- We can use Schema Builder for viewing and setting up the data model of our organization.
Choosing a Data Model in Salesforce
- A data model is typically created for a custom application in Salesforce.
- Business objects are provided by Salesforce, which means that custom objects are not required for them.
- The type of relationships depends on factors such as object type, security and deletion.
- Before create an object or field ask yourself: Does Salesforce provides us an object or field to handle this information? If not, create a custom object or field.
Types of Relationships
Lookup Relationships
- To link two objects together loosely, that means, without depends each other.
- Don’t have an effect on security or deletion.
- Can be required or optional in the field definition.
- Records of the child object can appear in a related list on the parent record.
- A lookup relationship field can be used to link an object with itself.
Master-Detail Relationships
- To link two objects together closely, it means that they depends each other.
- Deleting a parent record automatically deletes the child record.
- The child record inherit the sharing and security settings of the parent record.
- Can be defined between two custom objects, or a standard object and a custom object, where the standard object is the parent.
- A master-detail relationship field is always required on the detail record.
- Child records can appear in a related list on the parent record.
- Roll-up summary fields can be created on the parent object to summarize the child record.
Many-to-Many Relationships
- To link each record of an object to multiple records of another object and vice versa.
- A custom junction object is created with two master-detail relationships.
- Access to a junction object record is determined by a user’s sharing access to both master records.
- Junction object records are deleted when either associated master record is deleted.
- Roll-up summary fields can be created on both master objects to summarize data from the junction object.
Impact of Modifying Objects and Fields
- A custom object referenced in Apex or Visualforce cannot be deleted.
- The label of an object or field can be renamed even if its referenced by Apex.
- If a schema relationship is modified, Apex code that referes the relationship needs to be updated.
Impact of Field Modifications
- A custom field that is referenced in Apex cannot be deleted. A new temporary field can be created and the referenced field in Apex can be replaced with the temporary field.
- Data type of a custom field referenced by Apex or Visualforce cannot be changed.
- Any modification to a field from Salesforce can have impact on the Apex code that references the field.
- If new value is added to a picklist field, the logic used in Apex code may be updated.
- Modifying the lenght or decimal place of a field may cause data loss.
- If the value of a required field is not specified in Apex, it causes an error.
- If a roll-up summary field is modified, it can change the output of any Apex code.
Custom Settings
- Are similar to custom objects and can be queried like custom objects.
- To handle static data that needs to be queried many times from the database.
- The application cache enables efficient access to custom settings, avoiding repeated queries to the database.
- Formula fields, validation rules, flows, Apex, and SOAP API can then use this data.
- Can be accessed via custom setting methods or using $Setup variable.
For More Information
- Sales Objects
- Object Relationships Overview
- Considerations for Relationships
- Understand Custom & Standard Objects
If you want to see more information about Salesforce, can go to Write Unit Tests for Apex in Salesforce.
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